By Brian Zaitz
随着最近在东北地区进行的大规模暴风雪，很明显冬天已经到来了。冬季带来了冷冻的降水；寒冷，北风；并冻结许多人的温度。尽管某些地区比其他地区更习惯这种气候，但我们所有人都存在相同的危害，一个是湖泊和池塘的冻结。
These frozen water areas are often seen as “playgrounds” on which to skate or play hockey. However, in an instant, they can transform into rescue scenes with victims falling through the ice into the frigid water below. As an all-hazards industry, we must be prepared for these emergencies, train for likely situations, and plan for our course action.
救出水的正常序列是“触及，投掷，行和走”，实际的接触救援是最后的选择。但是，通过冰救援，“ go”方面通常是最实用的。受害人通常是低温，困惑，无法帮助任何类型的自我救援。由于这些原因，有必要快速有效地影响接触救援的能力。
After donning the appropriate protective gear, “burp” the suit to release the captured air from the donning process; this affords the rescuer more maneuverability and dexterity in the suit. Even though the victim is hypothermic, communication is still key. Talk with the victim, let him know you are coming to assist him, do not make any sudden movements, and keep eye contact as you move.
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It is important to disperse your weight. Do not attempt to walk across the ice; use a crawling or rolling movement to get to the victim—this reduces your risk of cracking the ice and becoming a second victim. As you near the victim, keep your communications and approach from a side and roll in behind the victim. Slide the rescue sling around the victim’s torso and lash it into itself so it cinches and allows the haul team to extricate the victim.
Once in place, give the signal to pull by tapping the top of your head. Once the rescue line is tensioned, begin kicking with your legs and pushing the behind of the victim to lift him up out of the hole and over the ice shelf. The haul team should use caution when pulling to maintain an even pull; jerking or tugging will result in further injury to the victim and rescuer.
Take the time to review all your cold weather procedures and plan and practice how you would perform an ice rescue.
Download this training bulletin as a PDF这里(3.6 MB)
布莱恩·扎伊茨（Brian Zaitz）是一名14年的消防员学生，目前被分配为船长/训练officer with the Metro West (MO) Fire Protection District. Brian is an instructor with Engine House Training, LLC as well as instructor at the St. Louis County Fire Academy. Brian holds several degrees, including an associates in paramedic technology, a bachelors in fire science management, and a masters in human resource development. Brian is currently and accredited chief training officer and student of the National Fire Academy’s Executive Fire Officer Program.
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