德克萨斯州的消防设备
国际消防工程师协会历史上第一次将在德克萨斯州大国举行年度大会。除了距该国人口众多的中心必须非常重大干扰今年会议的成功之外，还将在访问的地方的范围和新颖性中表现出一些兴趣。得克萨斯州以印第安人的一名名叫Tachies的部落的名字命名，其后代Tnies现在居住在印度领土。它被称为“孤星状态”，这是由于其旗帜在其作为一个州之前散发出的一颗恒星。1837年，美国承认得克萨斯州的独立，它仍然是共和国十年，1846年，它于1845年被国会投票吞并。同盟国的最后一个投降。德克萨斯州是最大的州，总面积为265,780平方英里。它的总长度约为800，最大的宽度为750英里。由于这些巨大的距离，该国人口稀少（估计该国的目前人口）。它最大的城市达拉斯（Dallas）在接受1900年的人口普查时有85,000名居民，而下一个大小的休斯顿（Houston）拥有75,000人。 The other important cities of the State are San Antonio, 62,711; Austin, 35,500; Galveston, 34,086, and Waco 30,000. There are seven places with populations of over 10,000, namely: Denison, El Paso, Greenville, Laredo, Palestine, Paris and Sherman, while eighteen places have over 5,000 and under 10,000 inhabitants. The lire protection of the State must not be judged by comparison with the more thickly populated and compact cities of the East and West; but it must be said that important improvements ought to be made along the whole line of fire department equipment, with great advantage to the places not sufficiently protected. For instance, there are comparatively few cities in which electric fire alarm systems are installed. According to recent data obtained by this journal, there are only fourteen electric fire alarm systems out of a total number of 1 to cities and towns. Of course, some of these places are so small that it would not be expected that they should have any other than the bell or whistle systems. Yet there are others that certainly ought to be provided with the modern electric signals. Another weak point in the equipment of Texas cities, as will be seen by the accompanying list, is hose, lake, for instance, Dallas: It is credited with only (>,400 ft .and probably some of this not serviceable, while Fort Worth, with not onethird of the population, has 2,000 ft. more. If Dallas has not 154x10 feet of good hose always available and the city would be visited with a serious tire, the people in charge of the fire department would find out their mistake too late to save the probable destruction of much property. As to steam tire engines -and these must be considered the mainstay of all important places against the spread of fire—-the State is very poorly equipped, some places in the 10,000 class not being credited with one of these absolutely essential safeguards against conflagrations Dallas and Houston are the only cities that may lay claim to being fairly equipped with steamers. Waco and Fort Worth, however, are each provided with four and three engines respectively; but, considering their populations, these are scarcely sufficient to render the tire protection needed in these large cities in case of necessity. Most of the places in the State have one to two hook and ladder trucks; but only a few towns have combination apparatus—the list in this line being headed by Austin, with four. This is certainly great neglect on the part of the authorities, as the combination chemical and hose wagon is within the financial resources of any small town, and it forms a very useful piece of apparatus where incipient and moderate fires have to be fought. It is very poor policy to trust to hose wagons and hydrant-pressure where any considerable amount of property is at stake. The equipment of the cities and towns in the State may be estimated as follows:
德克萨斯州的防火统计数据。
