街道铺路和挖掘。
WHEN it is evident that a roadway needs repairing the municipal authorities proceed with the work, and the people immediately interested—the propertyholders along the line of the proposed improvement—rejoice at the prospect of securing a good, substantial and durable pavement. In many cases their confidence is, however, rudely shaken by the appearance of the laborers to tear up the roadway almost immediately after the pavement has been improved.
It is a well-known fact that it is exceedingly difficult to restore portions of a torn up pavement to anything like its original condition as to evenness and avoid the possibility of its settling below the original grade surface of the pavement. There is scarcely a roadway in New York city or Brooklyn that is improved in the matter of street paving that is not torn up almost as soon as it is laid down, and it would seem from the facts thus proved that gross negligence to a considerable degree exists somewhere in the administration of this branch of municipal affairs.
在大多数情况下，很容易在建议的改进方面通知房地产持有人，以便对服务管道进行检查，并进入停车箱的状态。可以发现，通过许多物业持有人可能存在的无知和冷漠，迫切需要的维修和改善被忽略了，否则，如果他们在维修或改善道路之前被告知需要这样做的必要性。同样，它表明在将下水道，燃气和水管引入住宅和其他建筑物的问题上是必要的。
有足够的规定，但是不幸的是，控制这些问题的部门在许多情况下都有一类检查员，这些检查员从事其他业务，并且没有时间专门参与公共事务，尽管为此付出了代价。似乎在改善使用耐用和永久材料来构建服务管道的过程中，一些宪章修正案将在禁止使用某些材料相对相对但短暂的持续时间的方式上是有益的。地球放置在那里时，是铺设好的铺路的经常原因。在许多情况下，再次使用了相同类型的材料来替换旧的材料。
在视图中,这些事实都承认by those competent to judge of the merits of the case, is it not time for the practical-minded engineer, in charge of public works, to enter his protest against what he knows if used only vitiates his best efforts to promote the permanency and efficiency of good pavement and facilitate the means employed to keep it clean ? It is everywhere acknowledged that a city possessing well-paved streets can keep them clean at much less expense than if indifferently paved. It will be of some interest to note and watch the improved pavement recently placed on Broadway in connection with the cable road construction. How long will it be suffered to remain ? Is it not a disgrace to the city of New York that a doubt should even exist as to the new pavement being allowed to remain in its bed for a length of time without being disturbed ? Is there not a line to be drawn, at which the people of New York city shall call the attention of private corporations to halt and cease imposing upon the rights of the people to an uninterrupted use of the roadways of New York city for at least a limited time ?
目前，纽约市街头的状况激发了其人民的厌恶和愤慨，他们的人民不得不给他们带来更多的不便。无法估计时间损失和运输中断。
TAKING all the circumstances into consideration, one cannot feel much surprise at the burning of the engine-house of the water-works at Glasgow, Ry., the other day. Crude oil was used for fuel and some of the fluid had run out upon the floor of the house, when an employee conceived the brilliant idea of cleaning it up by means of fire, and threw some live coals upon it. His next bright move when, astonishing to relate, a blaze broke out, was to heave a pail of water upon the burning oil, spreading the flames through the building, and the whole plant, with a 75-barrel tank of fuel petroleum, which, we are told, adjoined the works, was destroyed, and the place will have to rely for water until the plant can be replaced upon a small supply in the reservoir and some wells and cisterns. It is probably safe to predict that when the water company rebuilds its house the petroleum tank will be put up at a little safer distance, also that the men in charge shall possess some slight knowledge of the properties of that fluid.
UPON an examination of the many annual reports of water-works companies, it is found that water metres are beginning to assert their utility to a marked degree in connection with the main point to be attained in their use, namely, the abridgement of the waste of water. It is surprising what progress has been made in their adoption, and their use settles many vexed questions regarding the local features of distribution. It is a very easy matter to determine the accuracy of registration. The educational effect of a water metre is determined immediately upon the thoughtful mind of the water consumer, after he has received his first monthly or quarterly bill. If the bill shows a large consumption of water, an investigation of water fixtures follows, and the result is manifest in the figures of the second bill, when compared with the first, as the leaks are discovered and remedied. It was thought by many able minds at one time that the effect of a water metre administration would abridge water consumption to a degree that would interfere with its use in effecting proper flushing methods in the use of water closets. The approved flushing apparatus connected with the modern water closet, now in general use in modern plumbing, upon the contrary, however, proves to effect a saving by doing away with the old-fashioned leaky valves. This is one of the phases of education worked out by the water metre ; it stops waste, but does not curtail a liberal use and proper application of water. In some of the annual reports, herewith alluded to, is shown an annual increase of 100 per cent in the use of water metres. The increase of the water metre business shows conclusively that as a conservator of the plant of a water company there is nothing in the realm of applied mechanics that has such a potent and permanent effect upon the methods of the distribution of water as this device.
已允许纽约消防局的1892年消防部门支出的2,296,282美元的款项。专员要求$ 2,677,997，其中265,000美元用于新的发动机房屋；但是，该物品被削减至88,000美元，而新的设备和维修期望的$ 468,000，但允许374,000美元，并希望增加$ 100,000 T^薪金卷减少到40,000美元。估计和分配委员会的这些津贴是临时的，可能会进一步减少，但是那些熟悉服务需求的人会相信可能没有。众所周知，在城市上部建立其他公司的哭泣必要性，无法寻求进一步的参考，但是在建造合适的房屋并为设备和设备和设备和设备提供规定之前，这些公司不得不服用。it is a matter for regret that the fire commissioners’ repeated requests for appropriations for these purposes have not been met in a more liberal spirit. The money for a considerable and greatly needed addition to the force of the service, for the protection of the upper wards, will have to be paid sooner or later, and it would be the wiser course to pay it at once and give to the residents and propertyowners the full security which they demand, rather than, as has been the case, to allow the rapid increase in building operations to leave the means of fire protection always in the rear. It is to be noted that in the allowance for the building bureau provision has been made for the employment of ten more inspectors, which is all very well in itself, but, if such tragedies as that in Park Place are to be guarded against in future, some radical change will have to be made in the laws governing inspections; the mere addition of a few men to the force of the bureau cannot be expected to accomplish much under the existing regulations.
IT will doubtless afford gratification to New Yorkers to learn from the report of Superintendent Ewing, who recently returned from attendance at the Health Congress, at London, that after having taken some pains to study sanitary methods in London and Paris, he is convinced that in general sanitary work New York is ahead. He says that the streets in Paris are cleaner than New York streets because the pavements are better and there is a more liberal use of water in flushing the gutters. His participation in the Health Congress in London was both pleasant and instructive, but he considers the exhibits of the New York Health Department at the congress to have been by far the largest and best. It is all very comforting to be told this, but the average Gothamite who has been blinded and choked by dust, or has waded through the filth of our streets these many weary moons past, while thousands upon thousand of dollars have been spent upon the so-called “street cleaning” operations, which didn’t clean, will need to see some little improvement jn this particular before becoming unduly elated over the alleged superiority of the city in matters sanitary The new commissioner of street cleaning, Mr. Brennan, is, however, an energetic man of great executive experience in the public service, and it is generally expected that some improvement will soon be manifest in the work of his department.
