在巴勒斯坦抽水。
巴勒斯坦一直在很大程度上依赖大量的水供应来种植作物、花园、葡萄园和果园。今天，就像过去一样，灌溉被它的居民广泛地使用，下面描述的流行的方法，是由美国驻耶路撒冷的领事给出的，将会被所有人感兴趣地阅读，可能，不是没有兴趣和利润的美国抽水机械的制造商。华莱士领事写道:“最近访问了沙伦平原上的城市雅法，这座城市位于巴勒斯坦山脉和地中海之间，我对这座古城附近园丁和果农使用的灌溉系统非常感兴趣。我发现,有一个庞大且不断增长的需求为抽水设备提高水的表面,和美国制造商迄今为止是忽视了这一领域的这篇文章将描述系统在使用之前为了让公众机械需求的特点,他们可以决定是否愿意进入这一领域进行部分贸易。人们已经发现，在沙仑平原的下面，从18英尺到80英尺的不同深度，有供各种用途的取之不尽的好水。长期以来，居民们已经利用了这一知识，并使用了各种各样的设备把足够数量的水带到地面，以满足用户的直接需要。有些装置与我们多年前使用的装置具有相同的特点;这些小屋可以满足那些只需要少量水的人的需求。水果产业的重要性增加,增加了新的机械和改进更进取的种植者,所以今天的需求是更强大的机器,更好的适应新的需求,和泵送系统将会见准备出售给好的结果满足下面的条件, will work economically, and will not require skilled workmen to operate it. The oldest of the methods employed for raising water on the plain, in which mechanical devices are used, is called by the natives a ’Xoria.’ As this name gives a wrong impression, it may be stated that the device is the same as employed in Egypt for ages, and is called there a ‘Sakieh.’ It has toothed wheels of wood to rotate a shaft or evlinder, over which is passed an endless chain of buckets, and having mechanism for operation by draft animals. At a later date iron cogwheels were used. The device shown in the picture gives about 5 cu. m. (about 1.325 gal.) of water per hour: but larger buckets are also used with the metallic wheels, operated by oil motors of from 3 to 5hp., which raise from 16 to 24 cu. m. per hour. Vertical pumps of two or three cylinders (forcepumps), operated by oil motors or suction gas motors of front 7 to 15 hp., will raise from 25 to 60 cu. m. per hour. Where the conditions are favorable, centrifugal pumps are employed and are preferred. The one observed at Jaffa would raise 50 cu. ni. per hour, and was said to he the most economical of the many different pumps in use.”
巴勒斯坦一直在很大程度上依赖大量的水供应来种植作物、花园、葡萄园和果园。今天，就像过去一样，灌溉被它的居民广泛地使用，下面描述的流行的方法，是由美国驻耶路撒冷的领事给出的，将会被所有人感兴趣地阅读，可能，不是没有兴趣和利润的美国抽水机械的制造商。华莱士领事写道:“最近访问了沙伦平原上的城市雅法，这座城市位于巴勒斯坦山脉和地中海之间，我对这座古城附近园丁和果农使用的灌溉系统非常感兴趣。我发现,有一个庞大且不断增长的需求为抽水设备提高水的表面,和美国制造商迄今为止是忽视了这一领域的这篇文章将描述系统在使用之前为了让公众机械需求的特点,他们可以决定是否愿意进入这一领域进行部分贸易。人们已经发现，在沙仑平原的下面，从18英尺到80英尺的不同深度，有供各种用途的取之不尽的好水。长期以来，居民们已经利用了这一知识，并使用了各种各样的设备把足够数量的水带到地面，以满足用户的直接需要。有些装置与我们多年前使用的装置具有相同的特点;这些小屋可以满足那些只需要少量水的人的需求。水果产业的重要性增加,增加了新的机械和改进更进取的种植者,所以今天的需求是更强大的机器,更好的适应新的需求,和泵送系统将会见准备出售给好的结果满足下面的条件, will work economically, and will not require skilled workmen to operate it. The oldest of the methods employed for raising water on the plain, in which mechanical devices are used, is called by the natives a ’Xoria.’ As this name gives a wrong impression, it may be stated that the device is the same as employed in Egypt for ages, and is called there a ‘Sakieh.’ It has toothed wheels of wood to rotate a shaft or evlinder, over which is passed an endless chain of buckets, and having mechanism for operation by draft animals. At a later date iron cogwheels were used. The device shown in the picture gives about 5 cu. m. (about 1.325 gal.) of water per hour: but larger buckets are also used with the metallic wheels, operated by oil motors of from 3 to 5hp., which raise from 16 to 24 cu. m. per hour. Vertical pumps of two or three cylinders (forcepumps), operated by oil motors or suction gas motors of front 7 to 15 hp., will raise from 25 to 60 cu. m. per hour. Where the conditions are favorable, centrifugal pumps are employed and are preferred. The one observed at Jaffa would raise 50 cu. ni. per hour, and was said to he the most economical of the many different pumps in use.”
