It can be both taxing and irritating when you’re stuck in the head of a huge recirculating rip current with three stable victims. But when you’re stuck in the head of a rip in massive surf with a resuscitation case, it can be a life-and-death struggle for both victim and rescuer. If one were to be inclined to review after-action reports of major water rescue incidents, issues with communications are mentioned quite frequently. Communications are usually the first thing to unravel during complicated technical rescue operations and during large operations where multiple teams are involved.
The most reliable form of communications during a water rescue case is face-to-face, the same as any other rescue discipline. The next most effective form of nonverbal messaging is the use of arm signals. From today’s modern ocean lifeguards to the surf men from the 1800s, arm signals have always been a reliable way for rescuers who are in the water to communicate priority messages to their colleagues, who are usually on-shore, even while controlling a struggling victim.
Ocean lifeguards have long known that rookies carrying modern electronic communication devices around saltwater often ends in tears or an incident report. Portable electronics used in the marine environment have limited power and can often fail, but a simple $10 dollar plastic whistle is impervious to water and can communicate distress and danger during rescue operations over considerable distance. It is highly encouraged by everyone from the U.S. Coast Guard to Mexico’s Salvavidas to use whistles in conjunction with signaling.
This piece will review the most common universally accepted (almost worldwide) water rescue arm signals and the messages they convey. Where denoted each signal is consistent with National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and U.S. Lifesaving Association (USLA) curriculum as well as basic SCUBA training curriculum.
全清：这个信号是我们ed to relay the message that everything is under control and no assistance is required.1,2,3
需要援助：One arm straight up signals a request for help1,2,
Resuscitation Case:该信号继承了受害者无法承认的消息，救援人员需要援助。救援人员的手臂通过尽可能直的弯头来回挥动。一旦备用救援人员进入水，岸上留在岸上的人准备收到复苏案例，包括准备医疗设备和请求EMS。1,2
缺少游泳者或潜水游泳运动员：这个信号是我们ed when a victim has submerged under the water. Using this arm signal in conjunction with a long, drawn-out whistle blast relays a message of urgency. In America, most major beach lifeguard services have labeled this signal, and the ensuing recovery operations, as a Code-X.2
没有任何东西可以给予覆盖的，不知所措的救援人员比信号传达更多的辅助，以便为岸边的援助提供援助，而不是从往水跑到水的同事中看到返回信号。“看到信号/返回信号”是一种说法，总结了信号过程本身;这意味着无论是通过任一位置发送的任何信号，不管发送信号是否返回相同的信号作为确认。虽然只有四个基本的臂信号，但他们传达的信息讲了千言万语。
最后，我想邀请任何水救援技术人员或开放的水救生员，他们有兴趣将这些ARM信号放在今年的救援人员救援人员培训（热门）课程上FDIC.热门计划。我保证您将在使用ARM信号进行复苏案例的特殊情况。
References
- 水救援2.ndedition,NFPA标准和实践1006和1670，Steve Trienish。发布2017，PSG JBL
- Manual of Open Water Lifesaving 3rd edition, USLA Manual B, Chris Brewster. Pearson Publishing. 2017 ISBN-13-978-1-323-58456-9.
Mike Hudson自1990年以来一直是海洋救生员 - 护理人员，并曾担任街道级别的护理人员和EMS教练几乎只长时间。他是一名前海军尸体，并在NSWG-1（西海岸印章和海洋力量侦察团队）上讲述了内部SOT EMT和护理课程近10年。他在圣地亚哥，加州和巴拿马城海滩，佛罗里达州巴拿马城海滩担任海洋救生员和护理人员，在岩石山区的另一个四年内作为Hunnison和Montrose县的SAR Paramedic在落矶山脉上花了超过18年。自2014年以来，在夏季，迈克在新泽西州蒙茅斯县的两个独立海滩城区指导了全国认证的冲浪/河流响应小组，并指导了市政开放水和冲浪救生员运营。在冬季，迈克作为护理人员救援潜水员，为几个主要网络协调海洋安全和医疗操作，这些主要网络创造了涉及Apex捕食者的高风险制作，包括自2003年以来的广泛工作Shark Weekand Shark Fest. He is a technical rescue contributor for188金宝搏是正规吗magazine and has a recurring column in杰姆斯被称为医院预科文字。作为一种爱好，迈克生产出于拟订的全国公共安全/技术救援竞争竞争“Lifeguards 10-8.”
