铁中的纯度
以下摘录使RFOM发表了有关俄勒冈州米德尔敦的美国劳德米尔公司G. H. Charls在俄勒冈州米德尔敦的G. H. Charls阅读的论文铁中的纯度多年，唯一认为的成分是硫，磷，碳，锰和硅。没有注意到其他有害，可能更有危害的其他因素。现在众所周知，如果需要最高的耐用性，消除与铁相差的所有杂质绝对必不可少。在开放炉炉中制造的金属的硫，磷，碳，锰和硅含量的减少，完全无视铜，氧，氢和氮含量，这意味着前五个杂质中的金属低可能是非常低的。低于最贫穷的贝塞默钢。如果不小心地将锰和氧含量减少到最低，这是正确的。锰是铁或钢中出现的唯一积极元素。当湿气开始电解作用时，钢质中的锰（始终以隔离形式出现）必须进入溶液中并将其携带到负极。这是造成这种形式的腐蚀形式的原因，称为“斑点”，在钢中如此普遍且引人注目，这是锰被认为可能是最有害的杂质的原因。另一方面，氧气可能是最负的杂质, and is therefore a great accelerator of the electrolytic action, causing rust and quick decay. For this reason its effect is almost as disastrous as the manganese. Therefore it is evident that in order to positively know just how pure the metal is the consumer must either submit samples to a reliable testing laboratory or insist upon the manufacturer giving a written guarantee or bond insuring the total amount of all impurities appearing in his product, including sulphur, phosphorous, carbon, manganese, silicon, copper, hydrogen, oxygen. It is no longer necessary to grope in the dark on this subject. Science and experience have blazed the trail and the above facts cannot be ignored or disputed. It has been found that an iron containing a minimum amount of all impurities and guaranteed by the manufacturers to be less than sxteen-hundredths of one per cent., is durable, reliable and worthy of confidence.
V. E. Arnold，Dist。匹兹堡仪表公司纽约办公室的经理本周离开了佛罗里达州一个月的住宿。他将陪同他的女儿米尔德雷德（Mildred）。
