BY TODD HOUSTON
在过去的几年中，我的部门不幸涉及几个五月天的情况，导致一名消防员死亡并受伤给四名消防员。我们的部门是进步的，并使用事件管理系统，问责制，安全官员，快速干预团队（RITS），全面的标准操作程序和建筑Preplans。但是，在最后一次事件（涉及消防员的悲惨损失）之后，该部门意识到需要做更多的事情。在难得的洞察力中，决定利用我们的内部资源，并要求我们的消防员和官员确定和解决可能影响消防员降落事件期间运营的问题。我被要求制定一项课程计划，该计划将用来加强我们的首席官员对五月天后要做什么的知识。
I believe that our officers are some of the best in the business, but anyone can be overwhelmed in an emergency. Giving your incident commanders (ICs) a reminder of everything that needs to be done can only help.
关键行动
可以说，IC可能面临的最压力状况，记住以下操作可以确保关键点不会被忽视。因为在火场上需要同时发生很多事情，并且每个事件都是独一无二的，所以这些动作没有特别的顺序。
1 Clear radio traffic, and attempt to confirm the Mayday.Use your dispatching center, which is usually underused, to clear the air, relay messages, clarify transmissions, and monitor the frequency. If a Mayday is heard but cannot be confirmed in a short time, you must initiate search and rescue procedures. Maintaining radio discipline is essential to avoid stepping on a critical transmission by the firefighter in trouble. Some departments are lucky enough to have more than one frequency available. If you’re one of those departments, the IC should consider switching personnel not involved in the rescue onto another frequency. Many times this is harder to do than it sounds, so using face-to-face communication and runners can reduce the amount of radio traffic during this crucial time.
 (1) |
无效的
 （2）不要拖延思考可能只发生大火。这两座建筑物的大火导致一名消防员死亡和三名消防员受伤。做好准备！（罗恩·杰弗斯（Ron Jeffers）的照片。） |
2 Request additional alarms.立即在确认五月天的情况下立即打电话。您可以通过发出另一个警报，呼吁相互援助或发出一般警报来做到这一点。无论您使用哪种方法，请尽早进行最小化的铅/反射时间在您请求帮助和最终到达时的时间滞后。IC可以使用这些额外的资源来补充战术储备，协助救援工作，缓解已经在现场的运营部队或继续缓解原始事件。
3将RIT报告给指挥所。Although a rapid response is crucial, the IC must coordinate the rescue effort to avoid freelancing on the fireground. Everyone wants to help, but it’s the IC’s job to see the big picture and to keep things organized. The RIT and its officer can confer with the IC, formulate an initial plan, and initiate the rescue effort while the IC secures additional resources and briefs incoming units.
4与问责官协商确定消防员的最后已知位置。Someone has to be responsible for accountability. My department uses a command technician, but it could be a chief’s aide, a safety officer, or a firefighter designated specifically for that job. Regardless of the title, that person should have a general idea of where the involved firefighter was operating. Use LUNAR as a helpful acronym to remember the information you need to gather on the trapped/missing firefighter. It stands forLast known location,UNIT号，Name，ASSIGNMENT，和RADIO配备了。其中一些信息似乎是不必要的，但是准确地说明了谁缺少并找到了在救援工作中避免混乱的问题。
5 Establish a Rescue Division, and assign a Rescue Division supervisor.Because of the possibility of a communication or discipline breakdown, it will be necessary to establish a Rescue Division. Giving it a name like “Mayday Division” helps to differentiate it from your ordinary rescue groups/sectors. Creating a separate division permits the IC to focus on the original incident while the Rescue Division supervisor (ideally a chief officer) manages the Mayday incident. In this way, the IC can maintain the span of control, and the operation will run more efficiently.
6 Initiate a personal accountability report (PAR).在调用五月天之后执行此操作，任何时间的条件都以使消防员安全可能受到损害，例如，快速射击，倒塌或水分流失。这是IC的常识和经验很重要的地方。由于标准杆很耗时，因此必须定时，以免干扰其他无线电操作。让单位报告何时切换到第二频率会用一块石头杀死两只鸟。
7 Perform an on-scene resource evaluation.负责的负责人必须评估手头的资源。战术储备（通过等待部署而站立的单位）可用于协助救援工作。识别附近的设备，设备，处理方法和供水。救援部主管应执行资源和需要评估，并将结果传递给IC进行行动。
8 Request emergency medical services (EMS) to the command post.这是五月天事件的关键但经常被忽略的组成部分，尤其是如果您的部门不运行EMS。当地的EMS机构应从事件开始时在指挥哨所保持存在。EMS机组人员将负责受伤的消防员的护理和运输。如果尚未完成，请求先进的生命支持，以确认五月天。
9请求其他路。Once the initial RIT is deployed, the members operating at the original incident still need protection. Consider multiple RITs if the incident area is large, the structure is unsound, or other conditions warrant. Additional safety officers, both for the Rescue Division and the original incident, should respond.
10重新部署现场资源。由三人组成的RIT将无法找到，访问，解脱和拆除被困的消防员。从召集其他单元到到达并准备好操作的时间起，将有延迟的时间。主动的IC将使用战术储备单元，康复公司和执行非关键职能的成员来协助救援工作，直到可以召集新鲜公司为止。
11不断监视建筑物的稳定性和火灾条件。Whatever conditions contributed to the initial Mayday must still be addressed. Secondary collapse may be a threat. Members tend to gravitate to the rescue area; in doing so, they may permit the fire conditions to worsen in the area they left. Company officers must maintain unit discipline and remain at their assigned tasks until the tasks are completed or the IC reassigns the unit. Personnel in exterior positions can assist by monitoring the structure for any hazards or concerns. The IC can also assign additional safety officers to this task.
如您所见，当调用五月天时，IC必须解决相当多的任务。提取这些要点并将其放入清单可能会有所帮助。在您的IC剪贴板上，在您的命令邮递车上保留几份副本，并在您的问责板上保留一些副本，确保如果需要，就可以随时参考IC参考。没有人可以期望记住他头顶上的一切。在压力事件中有一个快速清单可以引用，可以使事情变得更加顺利。
消防部门终于解决了在五月天局势早期寻求帮助的问题。鼓励我们的消防员迅速报告情况，然后试图解脱自己。结果，我们可能会看到更多的Maydays，但是许多人已解决和取消。这意味着IC可能永远无法实施此处提出的许多步骤。太好了，但是我们仍然必须为大型公司计划，并为我们的ICS提供所有工具，培训和资源，以有效地履行其职责。这些要点，再加上您的首席官的经验，为您的部门提供了成功取得成功的最佳机会。
TODD HOUSTON是消防部队的11年老兵，是北哈德逊（NJ）消防与救援队的队长，分配给了Squad1。。在进入消防部门之前，他是纽约市护理人员六年。
