新车辆解脱:2010年丰田Prius

经过杰森·埃默里(Jason Emery)

Toyota Prius是当今市场上最受欢迎的混合模型,现在正在使用2010年型号(照片1)进入其第三代版本。尽管它具有第二代普锐斯(Prius)的许多相同特征,但存在一些差异,最值得注意的是购买太阳能电池板功能的选择,该功能为通风系统提供动力,以在温暖的阳光明媚的一天中保持关闭的车辆冷却器。本文也解决了有关此新功能的响应问题。

点击放大

(1)

车辆识别

Prius底盘在所有三代人中,仅作为混合动力。这使其更容易识别为混合动力车,因为混合徽标和型号名称都表明您正在处理混合动力。本田洞察力是唯一仅作为混合动力车释放的其他车辆。

当接近涉及事故的车辆时,请务必寻找正式的指标,表明该车辆是混合动力或其他类型的替代车辆。在Prius III上,您会在前挡泥板上找到混合徽章(照片2)。在LiftGate上,您会发现Prius徽标(左侧)和混合徽标(右侧)(照片3)。但是,在后端碰撞中,这些后方的徽章可能会被遮盖,因此始终可以完全行走。

点击放大

(2)

点击放大

(3)

在车辆的内部,在仪表板区域也有杂种指标。在显示屏上,即使汽油发动机本身被关闭,您也会看到“现成”模式指示器,即使汽油发动机本身也可以移动(照片4)。该显示器还包含有关混合系统当前状态的信息,这些信息在电池充电或放电方面。在仪表板中心的右侧和上方,您还将看到三个“模式”指示器。这些包括“ EV”,“ ECO模式”和“ PWR模式”(照片5)。在发动机舱内可以找到其他指标。最值得注意的是塑料发动机套管上的混合动力徽标和橙色高压接线(照片6)。响应者还将在该区域看到高压警告标签。

点击放大

(4)

点击放大

(5)

点击放大

(6)

混合系统和操作

Prius III使用201.6V高压电池进行车辆推进并为空调系统供电。电池组由串联连接的28个低压(7.2V)电池组成。与其他混合动力汽车一样,这些电池是“干细胞”,不会造成巨大的泄漏危险。高压电池通过再生制动或使用汽油发动机的电源充电。普锐斯是一种“完整”的混合动力车,可以单独使用电力或通过电动机和汽油发动机的组合来运行,具体取决于车辆的需求。如前所述,空调系统也从高压电池中运行。

响应考虑

To keep responding personnel safe, never approach a vehicle directly from the front or the rear of the vehicle, as those areas fall into the potential travel path of the vehicle should it start to move. Always approach from the sides, especially when dealing with a hybrid vehicle. The fact that the engine is off might lull responders into thinking the vehicle is off when it could actually be in its “ready” mode. If this were the case, the vehicle could move suddenly if in gear and if the driver removed his foot from the brake or accidentally hit the accelerator. Whenever possible, secure any vehicle by engaging the parking brake, placing the vehicle in park, and shutting off the ignition. Do these steps as quickly as possible to ensure scene safety. Use wheel chocks to initially secure the vehicle, especially if damage doesn’t allow access to accomplish the aforementioned steps. Place the Prius into park by pressing the “P” button just above the gear selector or by shutting off the ignition (Photo 7).

点击放大

(7)

After successfully securing the vehicle, the next step is to disable the high-voltage and occupant protection systems (SRS). To do this, shut off the ignition by using the power button located on the dash (Photo 8) and disconnect the negative side of the 12v battery found on the passenger side of the trunk (Photos 9a and 9b). To access the 12v battery, remove the trunk flooring panel and the tray underneath. This provides access to the battery cover, which is easy to remove. If the ignition is not accessible, disconnect the 12v battery and then access the engine compartment fuse box. Remove the IGCT fuse (30A green) and the AM2 fuse (7.5A orange) to disable the system (Photo 10). If unsure of which fuses to pull, simply pull them all. Bleed-down times for the high-voltage system can be up to 10 minutes. Bleed-down times for the SRS is about 90 seconds.

点击放大

(8)

点击放大

(9a)

点击放大

(9b)

点击放大

(10)

尽管在ERG中未提及,但与其他混合模型一样,Prius在电池上带有服务触觉开关。通过卸下后货物区域地板和托盘来访问它。然后将闩锁向左释放,将其拉回您,然后将其直接拉出(照片11)。这关闭了电池和高压系统的其余部分之间的连接。但是,请始终牢记电池能够充满活力。如果电池损坏,请勿尝试访问服务断开连接杆。在这种情况下,只有一名具有适当设备的训练有素的技术人员才能尝试。

点击放大

(11)

Prius III配备了“智能密钥”系统。就像其他配备了该系统的丰田/雷克萨斯型号一样,车辆在近距离接近时可以检测到钥匙FOB,并允许驾驶员解锁门或启动车辆,而无需实际拿出钥匙并将其插入并插入插座插槽(没有点火键插槽)。您必须控制此钥匙FOB并将其从车辆移动至少16英尺,以确保控制点火系统。请务必询问所有乘员是否有钥匙,因为驾驶员以外的其他人也可能携带一把钥匙。钥匙内的FOB是一个隐藏的金属切割钥匙,可以滑出。如有必要,您可以使用它来访问门和后备箱。

Prius III上最重要的新功能之一是可选的屋顶太阳能电池板(照片12)。与住宅或商业太阳能电池板系统不同,该系统不会在高压上运行,也不使用任何类型的储物电池。该太阳能电池板由36个聚晶体硅太阳能电池组成,并以串联连接,最大27V,最大电流为3.6安培,具体取决于太阳的外部温度和强度。该功率用于运行空调系统中包含的鼓风机风扇。从太阳能电池板到鼓风机风扇的接线沿驾驶员侧“ C”柱延伸。关闭车辆本身不会禁用太阳能电池板产生的功率;但是,只有在打开鼓风机时,电流才会流动。太阳能电池板产生的电源没有潜力,因为它们是彼此隔离的。

点击放大

(12)

解脱操作

混合动力汽车没有使用特定的技术,因为它们的基本设计原理与标准底盘车辆相同,并且在通常被认为是切口点的区域中,高或中电压的接线不在。在普锐斯(Prius)中,高压电缆沿着乘客侧下方的车辆中心延伸。但是,在较新的杂种中,即使汽车在其侧面或屋顶上,实际上几乎看不到橙色电缆(照片13)。

点击放大

(13)

普锐斯三世与司机和过时的标准nger frontal air bags, a knee air bag for the driver, front seat-mounted side-impact air bags, and curtain air bags. When conducting roof removal operations in an incident where the side curtain air bags have not deployed, consider removing the center of the roof by cutting the inside of the roof rails on both sides of the vehicle while leaving the posts and roof rails intact (Photo 14). This avoids cutting into any portion of the side impact air bag components. Also consider that the inflator for the curtain air bags sit at the top of the “B” posts in the roof rail. This is a sound principle for any vehicles that have undeployed curtain airbag systems when a roof removal is required.

点击放大

(14)

Roof removals on a Prius with the optional solar panel are slightly different than roof removals on a regular Prius. As previously mentioned, it is not recommended that standard roof removals be conducted on vehicles with undeployed curtain air bags to avoid cutting into the air bags, their inflators, and wiring harnesses. Instead, cut through the center of the roof just inside the roof rails. It is acceptable to cut through the solar panel materials, if necessary. Take care to protect rescuers and occupants from broken glass, material fragments, and dust from the panel’s different layers. Also be aware that you may cut through the energized output wire. Be aware that although not high voltage, the 27v maximum output wire has a higher arc potential than a 12v wire.

If you must do a traditional roof removal (and the curtain air bags have not deployed) you must take the following into consideration. The output wire for the solar panel is run down the “C” post in the same wiring harness as the side curtain air bags. It’s possible that in the process of cutting the post the rescuer could short the solar panel output wire and the curtain air bag wire together, resulting in bag deployment (even if the vehicle battery has been disengaged). If it becomes necessary to cut the post, one of the following actions is recommended:

1.通过在太阳能电池板上放置打捞盖以关闭电源输出来禁用太阳能电池板输出。将盖子折成两半以创建两层阳光阻塞,并确保它没有任何允许光线的孔或眼泪。输出线将立即脱干。

2.卸下驾驶员侧后乘客区域的头条新闻,并找到太阳能电池板下方的红色或蓝色输出线。断开或切断任何线以禁用输出。

作者的笔记:如果您参与了涉及混合或替代燃料车辆的事件,请与我联系jason@etsrescue.com。涉及特定事件的案例研究将有助于进一步教育消防员有关处理混合动力和其他替代燃料车辆的正确方法。

For a more in-depth look at the principles of hybrid vehicles, see “混合动力车:将事实与小说分开,”188金宝搏是正规吗,2009年7月。

杰森·埃默里(Jason Emery)在沃特伯里(CT)消防局工作了15年,并且是该市救援/Hazmat公司的中尉。他是一名19岁的消防局资深人士,是一名经过认证的消防教练,并拥有纽黑文大学的消防科学学士学位。他已经广泛地讲授了混合动力汽车的主题,并且是FDIC教练。他是紧急培训解决方案有限责任公司的创始人,是188金宝搏是正规吗消防工程的消防员I&II手册(188金宝搏是正规吗消防工程,2009年)。

主题:Vehicle extrication,杂种

没有显示的帖子