照片作者。
经过David DeStefano
With the dynamic environment of the fireground, company officers and chiefs must constantly be aware of the major incident benchmarks and progress reports on which operational effectiveness is evaluated; decisions are made; and, ultimately, success is measured. During an offensive firefight in an occupied building, the changing tide of an operation may rest on numerous critical junctures.
The incident commander (IC) and each company officer must be aware of the value of transmitting and receiving progress and benchmark information in a concise and timely manner. Company officers must understand that the IC relies on the reports of interior companies to gauge the effectiveness, safety, and value of a continued offensive firefight. These reports are typically relayed as situational reports or fireground benchmarks.
基准，顾名思义，何种暗示，从在操作期间分配特定任务的公司传输。这些责任可以通过政策预先评估或由IC在现场下令。基准通常验证主要目标或任务是否相对于生命安全，事件稳定或物业保护。一旦通过命令收到，应根据部门政策录制完成时间。一些司法管辖区将通过无线电传递此信息以获取文档目的，并通知所有单位对操作的状态。
A list of benchmarks may include the terms “primary search complete,” “secondary search complete,” “fire under control,” “air quality verified,” and “overhaul complete.”When these transmissions are made, particulars should be offered because more than one company or division may be working to achieve a benchmark. Adding specific information to the benchmark report will supply the IC with a more accurate picture of an incident’s progress. For instance, a company transmitting a search report should include the area they were assigned to search as well as the results of their efforts.
“梯形图1到命令，主搜索填写且在一楼的负面搜索。梯子1将通过侧面出口A供气供应“;此传输通知IC，搜索特定区域已完成，未发现受害者，该公司将在特定地点退出建筑物，用于新鲜自包含呼吸器缸。每个基准都应该以类似的方式报告，因此IC可以确保战略目标已完成。
Another form of report that is important to incident tasks and company accountability is the situational report, or “sit-rep.” A company officer, command, or other team leader may initiate this transmission, which is used to report or ascertain the current conditions, progress, and location of a company or other organizational element operating at an incident. An officer or other unit leader should initiate this report whenever a task is completed, the unit changes location, or conditions or needs change on the fireground. A helpful acronym that allows us to easily remember the format of this report is LCAN (location, conditions, actions, and needs), which provides vital information to command regarding the status of an assignment, the conditions at a particular location, and any resource requirements. It also serves to ensure accurate accountability by reporting a current location. ICs who need an update on any of the LCAN particulars may also request a sit-rep from companies that are currently engaged in the operation. Based on responses from one or more companies or other functional elements, the IC can evaluate future resource needs, the effectiveness of the incident action plan (IAP), or the safety of the entire operation.
虽然基准报告是针对特定任务传输的，但只要情况，可以使用SIT-rep。屋顶团队可以在Cockloft或发动机公司中完成垂直通风或报告条件提供此更新，可能会报告他们在一楼的火灾和条件下有水，但它们需要横向通风。一位经验丰富的官员会知道IC将相对迅速地从第一家公司寻求进度或缺乏。Sit-Reps报告火灾的位置，呼叫水，以及外部不可见的延伸或危险的报告将是主要的关注点。如果此信息不是部署的单位即将举行的，则IC将启动咨询代表的请求。
无论是由任务级别的命令还是单位启动，有关SIT-REP的一个警告涉及消息的数量和长度。通过设计，它们意味着保持与IAP的执行相关的简要更新。如果在场景中的命令百分比每个单位具有多个请求的SIT-REP，或者个人公司觉得需要在Fireground上报告每个动作，无线电通话时间将变得混乱，并且可能无法听到紧急信息或五月天传输。
When used routinely and adopted as department policy, benchmarks and sit-reps are important tools that enhance safety and efficiency on the fireground. They can provide a guideline for the progress of a firefight and the effect of the IAP. They also give the IC and all members operating at the incident a better understanding of conditions that are beyond their view.
David DeStefanois a battalion chief for the North Providence (RI) Fire Department (NPFD), where he has served for 28 years. He is also the NPFD’s chief of safety and training. He was previously the captain of Ladder Co. 1, where he also served as a lieutenant and firefighter. Additionally, he was assigned as a lieutenant in Engine 3. DeStefano is an instructor/coordinator with the Rhode Island Fire Academy and lectures on fire service topics throughout Southern New England. He was also an FDIC International 2017 presenter. DeStefano can be reached atdmd2334@cox.net..
