冷冻消防栓。
当代最近有一个及时的文章frozen hydrants and the dangers accompanying them. In New York and other cities these have caused delay and damage, and not only has loss occurred from that source, but, as in Albany, N. Y., and elsewhere, trouble has arisen from the tanks on the chemical apparatus becoming frozen while standing in the street. It happened several times last winter, when the chemicals were left out, that the contents of the tanks became frozen. The article says: “The experience of Canadian and American cities during the winter of 1903-1904 from the freezing of fire hydrants and branch pipes connecting them with supply mains should be a sufficient reminder, as another winter draws near, of the necessity for taking precautions to prevent that danger. Among the cities that had trouble last winter in keeping hydrants free from ice were Ottawa, Boston Chicago, Cleveland. Detroit, Erie, New York, Paterson, Philadelphia, Rochester, Syracuse and Trenton. Undoubtedly many other cities had similar trouble to a greater or less extent. Probably the chief cause of the freezing of so many hydrants last winter was the long periods of freezing weather. CityEngineer Newton I. Ker, of Ottawa, says: “Last winter was an exceptionally cold winter in this city, the thermometer for four months being often 28° or 30° below zero.’ Inquiries made of other cities throughout Canada and the United States elicited information to the same effect. Neglecting the question of temperature, the freezing of hydrants is due to an accumulation of water in the barrel or stock, caused by general use. faulty design, leaky inlet valves, failure to drain hydrants after use. lack of drain-valves, impermeable soil, etc. The freezing of branch pipes or laterals connecting the hydrants with the street water pipes is due to their not being laid below the frost line, and also to Unfad that the water in these pipes does not circulate. It should be noted that in private hydrant systems tinlatter remark applies, also, to the main water pipes."
当代最近有一个及时的文章frozen hydrants and the dangers accompanying them. In New York and other cities these have caused delay and damage, and not only has loss occurred from that source, but, as in Albany, N. Y., and elsewhere, trouble has arisen from the tanks on the chemical apparatus becoming frozen while standing in the street. It happened several times last winter, when the chemicals were left out, that the contents of the tanks became frozen. The article says: “The experience of Canadian and American cities during the winter of 1903-1904 from the freezing of fire hydrants and branch pipes connecting them with supply mains should be a sufficient reminder, as another winter draws near, of the necessity for taking precautions to prevent that danger. Among the cities that had trouble last winter in keeping hydrants free from ice were Ottawa, Boston Chicago, Cleveland. Detroit, Erie, New York, Paterson, Philadelphia, Rochester, Syracuse and Trenton. Undoubtedly many other cities had similar trouble to a greater or less extent. Probably the chief cause of the freezing of so many hydrants last winter was the long periods of freezing weather. CityEngineer Newton I. Ker, of Ottawa, says: “Last winter was an exceptionally cold winter in this city, the thermometer for four months being often 28° or 30° below zero.’ Inquiries made of other cities throughout Canada and the United States elicited information to the same effect. Neglecting the question of temperature, the freezing of hydrants is due to an accumulation of water in the barrel or stock, caused by general use. faulty design, leaky inlet valves, failure to drain hydrants after use. lack of drain-valves, impermeable soil, etc. The freezing of branch pipes or laterals connecting the hydrants with the street water pipes is due to their not being laid below the frost line, and also to Unfad that the water in these pipes does not circulate. It should be noted that in private hydrant systems tinlatter remark applies, also, to the main water pipes."
