By Brian Zaitz
We all wish we had four and five firefighters on our apparatus; however, the reality is that if we are lucky, if we can muster two and three. These short-staff situations require critical decision-making for the appropriate determination of a safe, effective strategy.
当人手短缺时，尺寸是Fireground成功的关键。每个人都知道尺寸的重要性，它为传入单元的图片描绘了图片，并清楚地定义了第一次派生单元的动作以及对进入设备的需求。在规模上，单位必须意识到关键因素，例如供水，建筑，途中和可用的资源以及自己的情况。在评估这些因素之后，您可以确定策略并实施适当的策略。
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Water Supply
如上所述，供水的重要性不能被夸大，可以确保可靠，充分，sustainablewater supply is key to a safe fireground. This is not a major concern in areas readily sprinkled with hydrants; however, many times, in these short-staffed situations, we also find that the water supply becomes an issue and necessitates tanker shuttle operations, drafting from a static water source, or the use of portable pumps, or even fire boats, to supply fireground operations (photo 1). When these situations arise, it is necessary to recognize the magnitude of the operation and the need for additional resources. Water supply issues or the lack of a water supplymustbe a factor in determining strategy and deploying resources and operations on the fireground.
（1）作者的照片。
Construction
Construction is another key factor. We all know the hazards of lightweight construction and the collapse potential. This is no different in short-staff situations; however, time is a key factor. Burn or involvement time will play into the decision of whether to use offensive or defensive strategies—again, the risk-benefit analysis for determining strategy (photo 2). Today’s lightweight construction fails faster than traditional conventional construction. Lightweight members are now found in floor joists, stair risers, and roof construction: Essentially, anything that can be made with less material and structurally stronger it will be. The key here is to remember that although the members are in fact structurally strong, the system is weak under fire conditions.
(2)
Resources
Once a strategy has been determined, tactical and human resources must be deployed to complete the assignment. When deploying resources and determining strategy, it is significant to note what resources are en route and what are available. We would all love to work in the tabletop land of unlimited resources and equipment; however, we recognize that that unrealistic. While en route, we must be actively listening to the radio or monitoring the mobile data terminal to see what equipment has responded and with what personnel if possible. It may be necessary to request additional equipment and call mutual aid, especially in volunteer settings when our district’s assets are stressed and additional personnel or equipment is needed. The key is to quickly identify the type of resources and quantity needed and request them early.
Training
Whenever making a decision look at your situation–the skills and abilities of the crew, the strengths and limitations of the apparatus, and the forecasting of the fire. Understand the abilities of your crews; do not place them in situations beyond their skill levels. We understand that crews will begin to take action once they arrive on the fireground. This is our expectation, but we must prepare them appropriately. We understand that these actions will be based off their训练, experiences and predetermined assignments such as riding assignments (photo 3) and standard operating procedures (SOPs). If prior trainings and SOPs do not match actual situations, expect that crews will be unsuccessful and potentially unsafe. When training, practice in real-life scenarios, such as having one firefighter instead of four firefighters deploy a hoseline. Again, if we practice for likely scenarios, they will be the norm and we will be ready for attack (photo 4) when we encounter them.
(3-4)
装置通常不考虑;然而,this could not be further from reality. Today’s apparatus are highly technical, complex machines with numerous capabilities. In addition, many of today’s apparatus are cross-equipped; the rescue-engine, quint, and the pumper-tanker, a just a few examples. When arriving on one of these apparatus, especially with a short-staffed crew, it is important to recognize how the apparatus affect our tactics and decision-making. For example, when arriving on a quint and first due, the likelihood is that the crew will function as an engine company; however, the apparatus, especially if it is the only aerial device on scene, should be positioned to function in such a capacity. The fireground is not the time or place to figure how to make this happen, especially when short staffed.
不要认为短招人的公司没有积极进取，也不会冒犯。完全不是这样。进攻攻击仍然适合许多情况，战术相似。但是，在面对人手不足的情况时，工作人员必须完全意识到过分承诺之前人员的风险和局限性。很多时候，攻势被认为是竭尽全力，驶入内部并扑灭大火。这是一个示例 - 不是定义。另一个进攻行动可能是通风 - 进入隔离搜索（VEIS）。尽管传统上并不是这是进攻性攻击，但这是一项进攻行动，也是短招待公司的伟大策略。关键是将战术与现场/路线人员配备，设备以及安全执行所选战术的能力相匹配。
短暂的情况是我们许多人的现实。我们如何准备，练习和部署资源将决定我们在火场上的成功。
Brian Zaitz是一名13年的消防局学生，被分配为Metro West Fire Protection区的队长训练官。他拥有人力资源开发的科学硕士学位，消防科学管理学士学位和医护技术科学学士学位。他是圣路易斯县消防学院的讲师，以及联邦紧急管理机构USAR团队Mo-TF1的安全官员。188博金宝体育1他有几项认证，包括担任首席培训官的认证。
最初于2016年8月9日运行。
