Photo by Tony Greco.
文森特·沃尔夫（Vincent Wolfe）
For Part 1 of this article, clickHERE
Who among you reading this have seen, took part in or trained to perform a reverse lay? Have personnel been trained and are hose beds loaded to facilitate hand jacking supply lines?
The Enemy
There are many examples of the increased threats created by modern fuel loads in residential structures. There is no shortage of side-by-side comparisons of modern fuels vs. legacy fuels in fire development. These offer vivid side-by-side comparisons of the intensity and speed at which modern fuels develop and spread within residences. Yet, with these facts, figures, and proven examples, the Home Builders Association’s conclusions still do not support the inclusion of residential sprinklers. What are you and your organization doing to educate your personnel and the public to these hazards? Remember, we do not have to wait until an incident occurs to do things to protect life. Public education saves lives.
与火灾状况一样严重，其他燃烧产品的相关危害同样致命。我们永远与一氧化碳作斗争。现在，我们已经意识到氰化氢的致死性。火灾和烟雾联盟已广泛报道这些危害，并提出了建议，以确保我们在火场上的安全和生存。Have you educated yourself and your personnel to these hazards?
运动场
如前所述，几十年前出现在商业结构中的轻量级结构已用于吞噬住宅建筑。桁架通常在现代建筑中支撑屋顶和地板。同样的崩溃危害使我们修改商业消防策略现在在现代住宅结构中很普遍。188金博网网址多少在桁架支撑的住宅屋顶下，重型火灾条件应应对具有类似条件的商业结构提供的同样的注意事项。桁架地板支撑物已经开始显示作为对住宅结构中运营人员的威胁。What are you doing to educate yourself and others to the existence of these hazards and the associated threats?
战术考虑
从间接攻击强度的切换策略rior unburned side attacks was met with great enthusiasm by firefighters. The downside of the switch is that it led to an upturn in injuries and deaths. Improvements in the fire resistance and thermal protection of our personal protective equipment (PPE), the advantages of self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), and the addition of hoods took the brunt of the blame for these tragic events. Our PPE is designed to protect us from hostile conditions, not to allow us to crawl into them.
影响这些情况的另一个战术方面是对战术通风技术缺乏了解。在过去的几十年中，Fireground通风受到限制，因为战术考虑的重点是将热量捕获以将水转换为蒸汽。必须花费时间，精力和精力来训练消防人员，以认识到通风的需求和战术考虑，以完成这些操作。几十年后，我们仍然努力实现这些战术考虑因素。了解供水准备控制火灾强度的增加以及滥用正压通气风扇会损害火场。
有关的：Humpday Hangout: Science and Tactics”米勒：轻量级公寓大火的重量级战术”Engdahl: Tactical Use of Positive-Pressure Ventilation and Small Water Droplets
在一些地区,这是由于缺乏卡车company responses to structural incidents which limits the availability of personnel to be assigned to these responsibilities. Some larger organizations still struggle to have staffed truck companies or, if they are staffed, struggle to have them meet these tactical needs on the fire scene.
如前所述，这些年来，没有任何东西静止不动。敌人和战场发生了变化。目前，我们不会花时间重新进行这些更改。我对您的挑战是研究和比较国际消防培训协会的火灾开发时间表和杀死Flashover/National标准技术研究所和流道管理。How do the differences in these two charts affect your tactical decision making?
Real life, Today and Tomorrow
我们面对什么？我们会面对什么？我们所有人都有大量的带有真实地板托梁和屋顶after架的旧木棍建造的房屋。但是，这些结构中很少有传统燃料。因此，我们有一个能够抵抗火灾积聚的结构，但是它仍会产生大量的热量和烟雾。我们必须制定这些组合的策略。
New residential construction is dominated by lightweight truss construction in the roofs and floors. The exteriors are insulated and then wrapped in vapor barriers. Windows are multipane and add to the total insulation of the structures; they are furnished with the modern fuels mentioned above. The end result is a structure with minimal fire resistance and heavy fire, heat, and smoke generation probabilities.您的战术考虑因素和决策如何随着这些结构而变化？
Our Allies (Or…Are They, Really?)
我敢肯定，这一细分市场将超越消防员和消防员。如果我们都对事件现场的安全性以及这些安全考虑，政策和实践的延续真正认真，我们都必须研究并适应前面提到的组织正在研究，研究和向我们报告有关火灾行为和建立的内容。
消防队员s must become knowledgeable of safety concerns regarding their gear vs. the conditions they are battling. We have agreed to risk our lives, but only for another viable life. Property will be replaced. Where decades ago we had to be told, “Fighting fire in combustible clothing is not safe,” today we need to be reminded that our gear has been built and tested against specific temperature levels. Ensure that those temperatures are as balanced as possible.
消防官（公司级别）训练并与您的个人合作，因此他们事先知道他们会从他们身上得到什么。证明这是事件 - 您将其安全作为主要关注点。准备评估火灾状况和建筑物的建设危害与安全的危险以及在任何特定时间可用的人员数量。我们经常将自己等同于运动队，但是很少有我们所有的团队成员同时到达。
Chief officers’ responsibilities lay as much on preincident preparation as it does on incident scene safety. Responsibilities span reviewing and analyzing research data, presenting that data to your personnel, and adapting tactics to maximize safety at the incident scene.
Collectively, we all share the responsibility to educate our customers. The hazards associated with modern interior fires are so severe that we need to take every opportunity possible to educate the public and convince them to practice proven fire safety practices.
Whether you are a firefighter or fire officer, all of these issues affect you. As a firefighter, you need to be able to recognize differences in the size and intensity of fire emergencies, be capable of making choices based on these differences, and be able to react when resources do not match the intensity of the emergency.
As a fire officer, depending on your rank or arrival order, your responsibility may be strategic or tactical. As a company level officer, you have a responsibility to train your personnel to be tactically astute and to recognize critical issues regarding the fire, the structure, or the tactical operations.
As a chief officer, you have the ultimate responsibility to understand and accept that conditions have changed drastically since you were a firefighter. You are trusted to support your personnel, ensuring that they have the tools and knowledge to operate effectively and efficiently on the fireground.
Vincent Wolfeis the lead instructor at Vulcan Training Specialists. He has been active as a career and volunteer member since 1972, serving in ranks from firefighter through chief for organizations in Pennsylvania and North Carolina as well as in Iraq supporting Operation Iraqi Freedom.VWolfe@Vulcants.com.
