正确穿齿轮是消防员在消防手术过程中减少受伤机会的一种方法。188金博网网址多少能够快速，适当地将您的个人防护设备（PPE）固定在我们宣誓就职以保护最佳救援机会的平民。
Donning Guidelines
According to the national standard, firefighters should be able to don structural boots, pants, coat, gloves, hood, and helmet in one minute. Donning a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), face piece, and breathing air from the SCBA requires an additional minute—for a total of two minutes. Besides quickly turning out for a response, donning your gear proficiently is one of the proven ways to save time on the fireground. You can put on only so much gear before entering the apparatus: boots, pants, hood, radio, and coat. While responding, if your department’s standard operating guidelines (SOGs) allow you to, you can and should don more gear—gloves, SCBA, and flashlight—and finish closing your coat. Once off the rig, you can don the helmet and face piece at the appropriate location and without removing your gloves.
Firefighters should practice a method of donning PPE without setting the PPE down on the ground. Inevitably, the gear will either be kicked down a stairwell, lost in snow, or possibly forgotten, which now makes the members unable to perform their function. I am a firm believer that gloves should be put on in the apparatus en route and not removed until rehab. I do not believe in glove straps affixed to a turnout coat; they can and will catch and entangle a firefighter. When you step off the rig with your gloves on, you are ready to go to work. Some departments teach and prefer that gloves be donned last in the sequence. Depending on the specific gear your department uses, this might be the favored method.
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您不应在通往警报器的设备中戴上SCBA蒙版。消防员伸展线路，扔梯子并用口罩制作消防栓，构成火灾场景安全问题。SCBA面罩抑制了佩戴者的视野，这可能导致旅行，跌倒和情境意识的丧失。如果穿着没有面膜安装的调节器和流动的空气，SCBA面膜也会雾化。由于视力受阻而造成的伤害是可以避免的，而在火场上发生的伤害阻碍了火场效率。
Fresh Donning Drills
Beside the standardized evaluations done with a stopwatch, how do we make our firefighters proficient in donning gear and ready to do combat on the fireground? Standardized donning drills have their place in the fire service, mainly for academy recruit classes and yearly competency evaluations. Done over and over, these drills lose their value, and firefighters will lose interest eventually. Here are a few PPE drills to conduct on a rainy day, when it is too hot to train outside, or when coming back from a run.
The Closet Drill
衣橱里钻是非常简单的。把firefighter’s SCBA and face piece and do a “blow out” of the SCBA, which entails unscrewing the high-pressure hose from the bottle, tightening and entangling the waist and shoulder straps, loosening the bottle retention strap, opening the purge valve, and doing everything possible that requires the firefighter to troubleshoot (photo 1). Then, put the SCBA in a darkened closet, turn on the personal alert safety system (PASS) alarm, and send the firefighter into the darkened space or equip him to simulate zero visibility (photo 2).
(1)A “blown out” SCBA with straps tangled, bottle disconnected, and bypass open.(Photos by author.)
(2)一名具有全PPE的消防员可见度。
The firefighter entering the closet should have on all PPE, including structural firefighting gloves. Once the firefighter is in the closet and locates the SCBA, he first must go on air, which will require him to make all necessary corrections to get air to the face piece. Then, the firefighter can begin to disentangle the SCBA and troubleshoot all the other problems (photo 3). Once the SCBA is ready to be donned, the firefighter puts it on and turns off the PASS alarm. Keeping the PASS alarm on during the entire drill while in the dark adds a stressor to the firefighter. This experience is a form of stress inoculation.
除了在火场上引入可听见和视觉压力外，该钻头还使消防员用戴着手套的手操纵SCBA及其所有组件。用手套的双手合作建立了佩戴者对这样做的信心，并发展了成员的批判性思维。在黑暗的小壁橱里进行故障排除和重新组装SCBA，并带有大声通行证警报器，教会消防员在高压力但受控的环境中进行批判性思考。
（3）The firefighter works to fix all problems so he can don the SCBA and breathe air.
Firehouse Doors
This is a repetition and muscle memory development drill. There are many doors in and out of the firehouse. Working as a company or as individuals, members start at the exterior door of the firehouse and approach the door as they would enter an immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) atmosphere. If drilling as a company, the firefighters rehearse how their company dons gear at the threshold and in what order the company members will enter.
如果单独钻孔，成员可以使用手套的手练习操纵面部饰带，防护罩，头盔和面罩安装的调节器（MMR）。完全戴上装备后，消防员进入门，拆下他的MMR，头盔，防护罩和SCBA脸部。他搬到隔壁，重复演变。消防员将一遍又一遍地重复演习，直到他在消防站的门上耗尽。作为公司的钻探是一场排练，因此在演习期间，公司官员可以调整他希望公司进入IDLH气氛，观察效率低下的方式，并进行调整以优化公司的业绩。如果用作单独的钻头，这将有助于训练肌肉记忆和开发同步的肌肉运动，以便消防员有效地戴齿轮。
After conducting this a couple of times, you can use this drill to create a friendly, in-house competition. Time each firefighter; the one who dons his face piece, protective hood, helmet, and MMR in the least time can earn bragging rights or a small reward.
Returning from an Alarm
I use this drill any time I see a company member on an alarm who demonstrates the need for immediate corrective action. For example, if a firefighter’s SCBA waist straps are undone or not buckled and tightened, that must be corrected immediately. If I do not catch the violation before the member enters a structure, I pull the member aside after the alarm and explain the importance of wearing gear properly.
If conducting a drill after returning from the alarm, instruct your members not to doff their gear. After backing into the bay or onto the apron, instruct the members except the driver/operator, on a signal, to turn on their PASS devices. Once the alarms have been activated, all members will dismount the apparatus and don their SCBA face pieces with gloves, ensuring that all gear is donned according to SOGs and the manufacturer’s recommendations. Once each member completes donning his gear, he can deactivate his PASS device. The drill will conclude once all PASS devices have been deactivated. It is important that the company officer participate in this drill to demonstrate that it is not a disciplinary but a corrective measure intended to better the entire company. It is also a reminder to all members to wear all PPE properly, no matter how benign the member thinks the alarm might be.
Combine Ground Ladders and Donning Gear
很多时候，地面梯子演习是根据拥有管辖权（AHJ）的机构批准的技能表进行的，该技能表从消防员I课程或在内部开发的。这些演习可以在社交媒体上看到，消防员在穿着最小的掩体裤，头盔和手套时部署了地面梯子。如果您的公司可能处于需要使用通风口 - 搜索（VES）或通风 - 进入 - 隔离式搜索（VEIS）策略的情况，那么对这些策略进行排练的良好演习是将部署的地面梯子与戴齿轮结合在一起。与其将梯子躺在距建筑物太多英尺的地面上（按照技能表中的规定）进行钻头，不如进行据报道被困在二楼的人，将梯子放在梯子架上。
Starting with members in the rig with as much gear donned as appropriate, the members dismount the apparatus and choose and deploy the appropriate ladder for the targeted drill tower window or a window drawn with chalk on the side of the firehouse. Once the ground ladder is deployed, members now can don their face pieces, protective hoods, helmets, and MMRs and then climb the ladder and simulate venting the window. This drill emphasizes the importance of firefighters having gloves donned once they step off the apparatus. Time is of the essence when it comes to saving civilian lives from an IDLH atmosphere. Donning your face piece without gloves might be quick on the drill ground, but in a stressful rescue situation, firefighters could and will fumble with, misplace, or forget their gloves. If, in the firefighter’s haste, the window is broken while deploying the ground ladder, glass shards raining down on the firefighter could injure an unprotected hand. Perform ground ladder deployment for VES/VEIS with fully donned PPE except for a face piece. This is a sure way to avoid injuries on the fireground.
关于挽救平民生命的一遍又一遍地证明，只有在戴上PPE之后，只能在派遣上快速且在火场上快速而高效地“获得”时间才能获得时间。事实证明，有效地戴上PPE是一种有效的方式，可以为您提供最佳生存机会并保护自己免受火场的危险。
Louis A. Comenale III是盖茨（NY）消防区的中尉/市政培训官，他在那里任职13年，过去四年担任中尉。他是第三代消防员。他是纽约州消防教练，也是全国认证的消防教练II。Comenale拥有消防技术的副学士学位。
