Under the auspices of theNFPA Fire Protection Research Foundation并与UMCP消防工程部和马里兰州消防与救援研究所结合一项研究，最近完成了有关该研究的研究“评估消防训练大火。”
这项研究确定了影响热条件发展的参数live firetraining evolutions within burn facilities. As part of a previous study, tests were conducted on the third floor of thelive fire trainingbuilding at the Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute (MFRI). The principal measurements obtained during the training evolutions were temperatures and heat flux in the burn room. A model replicating the tests conducted in the MFRI training facility was created using CFAST version 6 and a validation was performed by comparing temperature and heat flux measurements from the test to the model’s estimation. Then, the MFRI CFAST model was used to simulate twenty one scenarios that examine the effects various fuel packages, ventilation strategies, room sizes, and time between sequential burn evolutions have on the thermal conditions inside a消防员训练burn room.
通常有很多燃油包装在实时训练. This study was only able to analyze fuel packages in which there is heat release rate data available, which include: stacked pallets, triangular pallets and excelsior, excelsior pile, flat pallets & excelsior, and upright pallets & excelsior (see Table 8 for more details regarding the fuel packages). Results show that of the fuel packages analyzed, the ones configured vertically (stacked pallets and the upright pallets and excelsior) have the greatest heat release rate and create the most severe thermal conditions, while triangular configured fuel packages create moderate thermal conditions and lastly, horizontally configured fuel package (flat pallets and excelsior) create the least severe thermal conditions. Horizontal ventilation causes a quick decrease in thermal conditions, while leaving remote vents open during a burn evolution limits the development of thermal conditions within the burn room. According to the model simulations where the same fuel package is burned in rooms that vary in size, the burn evolutions that occur in small rooms produce hotter conditions than ones that occur in larger burn rooms.
Also, as multiple sequential burn evolutions occur over the course of training, the initial ambient temperatures inside the facility continually rise to yield thermal conditions that are even more severe than the previous evolution. When minimal time is taken between burn evolutions, conditions can become very severe after multiple evolutions. Taking more time between burn evolutions can allow the facility to cool down and reduce the severity of thermal conditions. Based on the results of this simple study, it is recommended that NFPA 1403 be modified to include a hazard assessment procedure that can enable fire instructors to properly account for the principal factors affecting the severity of the thermal conditions produced in burn evolutions.
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