拥挤的道路和railways使地下运输系统更受欢迎。但是，更多的隧道会导致严重事故的更大风险，在短时间内很难撤离旅行者。现在三年的结果research project METRO要呈现。
地下铁路是复杂的系统，有很多人在一个小空间中。事故发生时，这使疏散和救援工作变得复杂。大火传播的速度是必须安全撤离该地区的时间的决定性因素。
The project is unique since many organisations, with different skills, work together to make underground railways all around the world safer. The project has shown that fires in trains can be greater than previously anticipated, but also that the development in the design of trains and the choice of materials is progressing in the right direction. The right choice of materials can make a big difference, says Mia Kumm at Mälardalen University.
最终结果将于12月10日至11日在斯德哥尔摩郊外Rosersberg的国际研讨会上提出。来自20个不同国家的160多名参与者将参加。
Some of the most important results from the research project are new design fires for underground stations and tunnels, new knowledge of how quickly people can be evacuated from trains in tunnels, what difficulties are encountered by disabled persons in evacuation situations, how the design of trains can be constructed to decrease the risks of personal injury in case of explosion, and what possibilities and limitations there are in rescue operations.
该项目表明，很难在充满烟雾的隧道中找到自己的方式，但是我们还确定了许多指导系统，这些系统有效地帮助人们找到正确的出路。一个有趣的发现是，即使是基于声音信号的简单系统，也比当今使用的许多常规系统更好地工作。
In the autumn of 2011, full-scale fire tests were carried out in one of the Swedish Transport Administration’s abandoned tunnels outside Arvika. In a global perspective, few full-scale tests have been carried out since they require large financial resources and a comprehensive organisation. When constructing new buildings different computer models are often used to simulate fires and the spreading of smoke. Full-scale tests are invaluable in being able to verify these models and make the calculations more accurate.
Trains today have good fireproofing in themselves, but the cargo can be the factor which has significance for whether the fire develops into a flashover at all. Something which has also been shown to have a decisive effect is whether the train’s doors are open or not. For example, the gap between the train and the platform can have a big influence on both the spread of the fire and evacuation, says Professor Haukur Ingason at the SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden.
关于the METRO project
Metro项目是一项大型研究事业，涉及地下大众运输系统（主要是地下铁路）的消防和安全性。Metro由MälardalenUniversity领导，包括超过1400万SEK，其补充项目为480万SEK，由Sp。在地铁中，研究人员在组织边界进行跨学科的合作。研究发现将提高地下铁路系统的安全性，但是知识将能够用于许多不同类型的地下装置。
Participating in the project are: Mälardalen University, Lund University, SP, FOI (the Swedish Defence Research Agency), Gävle University, the Swedish National Defence College, the Swedish Fortifications Agency, The Greater Stockholm Fire Brigade and SL (Stockholm Public Transport).
The project is funded by: SL, Formas (The Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning), the Swedish Fire Research Board, the Swedish Transport Administration, MSB (the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency) and the Swedish Fortifications Agency.
隧道中火的背景
What burns in tunnels is, in most cases, one or more vehicles of some kind. The special thing about tunnels is partly the ceiling, and partly the tunnel itself. The ceiling causes the flames to deflect and the flames, fumes and the ceiling heat radiate towards people and various objects in the tunnel. The hot and poisonous fumes move along the tunnel, thus constituting a great hazard to people who are in the tunnel or at nearby stations under ground level. The fire also spreads more easily to nearby vehicles, thereby increasing in intensity much quicker than out in the open.
For more info on the project, contact
米亚·库姆（Mia Kumm），梅拉达伦大学：+46 21-10 70 29，+46 70-330 30 90
Haukur Ingason SP: 10 + 46 - 516 51 97
Daniel Nilsson, Lund University: +46 46-222 95 93
