What Are Your SOPs and Lessons Learned?
Bobby Halton and Bill Carey
在美国，我们一直在目睹轻质木材框架的施工多重家庭混合占用建筑。第一个楼层是防火或不燃烧的，设有办公室，商业和停车车库或某种组合。在建造和完成后发生火灾。这些事件征税代理商的资源和能力。您可以在这些结构上分享哪些SOP的指导方针，准备或经验和经验教训？
Lightweight Wood-Frame Mixed Occupancies: What Are Your SOPs and Lessons Learned?
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Must-Read Info on Lightweight Building Construction
播客：内置环境
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What the Construction Industry Needs to Know About the Fire Service
Note: Due to the overwhelming response, this will be a two-part roundtable
Dustin Martinez.
在我们的机构中，轻质木材框架混合占用率已成为多家庭住宅中近距离的几乎优选的建筑类型。随着该土地在围绕学院和最真实的公园棒球体育场的地区成为更多的溢价，我们已经看到了这些建筑物的冲击。需要在下面的业务的便利性和奢侈品中垂直构建，我们的部门不仅要适应操作，但我们的设备已经改变以反映这些建筑物。
For our engine operations, due to the nature of some of the stretches and setbacks, the rear engines of our hose beds have changed to accommodate the required mobility and speed of the initial stretch. A 500’ bulk load was placed on the rear, consisting of 200’ of 2 ½ inch hose below 300 feet of 1 ¾ inch hose with a 7/8 inch tip. A one hundred foot minute man bundle finishes the load to allow for the nozzle firefighter to keep their working length on the shoulder and forward advance the additional 1 ¾ as the ascend stairways and obstacles until they reached a desired point to flake out. Depending on the difficulty and severity of the stretch, the heel firefighter or officer (depending on staffing) is accountable for assisting with the remaining 2 ½ hose to rapidly get the initial line in place.
Our second static load off the rear is 400 feet of 2 ½ inch line for the option if more hose is needed for the initial line, or the second due apparatus needs to stretch an additional line. Crews arrive with their bundle off their bulk load and deploy the line as needed. We also removed our 1 ¾ high-rise packs in favor of the 2 ½ standpipe bundles to address both the adequate flows for pre-1993 standpipe buildings as well as a required standpipe hookup when encountering the higher floor operations on these buildings.
最后，我们开始购买和装备拖拉机绘制的天线并将它们放在通常会对这些占用的领土内。关注的问题不仅对于一些查理侧行动的更困难的访问，我们还遇到了一些建筑物完全放置在后方的停车牌。我们的分蘖还带来了45英尺梯子的能力，我们以前没有在部门服装的衣服，允许进入一些上层以获得立即救援或出口措施。
由于这些建筑物更迅速上升，我们可以遇到我们可能遇到的这些事件的唯一方法是预先计划其领土的个人船员。通过培训和钻探，他们熟悉延伸和进入困难以及最有效的方式来打击它们。用拿破仑的话语，“除了制定精心准备的计划之外，没有任何成功的战争”。
Robin Nicoson
We really start with the lessons learned because the problem isn’t lightweight construction. The problem is what happens when lightweight construction is exposed to fire. So first we must continue to educate on lightweight construction and how it uses “engineered lumber.” This is a term that is generally used to describe a wood structural member that is fabricated through use of bonded fibers and different materials and then it is usually put together as a joist or beam. And we know through our own experiences and prior lessons learned that lightweight, wood-frame buildings burn extremely fast and hot. When this fire exits the room of origin more generally it will then vent to the outside of the structure, spread upward, and could evidently burn through to the truss. Lessons learned have taught us we may experience collapse in less than five minutes on a truss and up to 16 minutes on flame impingement on a gusset plate. These lessons have taught us that the game clock has been greatly shortened for us to be successful.
Besides having those prior lessons learned and the education of building construction we must understand how today more than ever the smoke and fire conditions help determine our tactics. The tactics we were taught years ago might and will need to be modified. Being aggressive with primary and secondary searches, fighting fires from the interior, ventilating, opening void spaces, and property conversation are all sound tactics that are still used daily. The difference is in how we employ these tactics for lightweight structures. Correctly reading the smoke/fire conditions provides us the time and ability to enter and search, how and where we vent, the time and ability to attack from the interior, and where the fire will go. We must stay and beaggressive在我们拯救生命和财产的行动中，但今天有轻量级建设，我们必须与我们的策略和战术对齐时代因素。
我们使用所有这些信息而建立的rent systems and communication keys. The first document is a verbal prompt which comes from the communications center to our fireground commanders. This document shows the communicator how the timing process effects our success. The second document is used when we have a structure that is compromised, especially lightweight, that our communications center provides our IC.
埃迪布坎南
我们经历过large fire in this type of occupancy in our metro areaback in March of 2004. Departments from all across the region responded to assist the City of Richmond Fire Department for that incident. The key lesson from fires like this is that few departments in the U.S. can handle such an incident alone. You’ll need to be able to fight fire side by side with firefighters from around your region.
自2004年以来，在里士满地铁领域已经完成了很多，以建立消防部门之间的关系和互操作性。现已到位区域高层程序;以及消防员责任和五月天，大箱火灾和公路事件安全的区域程序。此外，部门已经进入了区域单位编号系统，允许多个司法管辖区的部门通过区域范围内可互操作的无线电系统无缝地在同一机场上运行。响应单位可以简单地切换到另一个位置的战术渠道并与操作融合。我们有多次将这些能力作为一个地区测试，它们非常好。
建设者和地方似乎意图建立更多这些结构，我们看到他们更频繁地燃烧。我认为消防部门很重要，以考虑这种大规模运营的区域方法，并努力制定迅速加速为大事的程序和运营系统。除非您在纽约或洛杉矶等大城市，否则您将需要邻居的帮助来与这些类型的火灾作战。
吉姆克劳福德
这是我的两美分，感谢我的朋友斯蒂芬赫斯蒂希 - Vision 20/20的项目经理和UL的Sean Deware。在建筑中的代码采用和实施具有积极的作用，具有轻质的木结构。我们可以期待将来看到更多。
Wood as a sustainable product, and because it is less expensive. The concept is sacrilege for many in the fire safety world because of the inherent danger in this construction type – but also because fires in these situations during construction seem to be occurring far more often.
Fire sprinklers can help of course – but not until they are installed and operating. When I was Fire Marshal in Portland Oregon (many years ago in a galaxy far, far away) we had a 10 million dollar fire loss from an apartment building in downtown – using (then) new wood construction concepts. NFPA also has a standard devoted to safety during construction (NFPA 241).
I would urge readers to consider investigating these solutions – and have provided a case example from Stephen when he was in Gwinnett County, Georgia – as a reference.
Lane Woolery
This style building has been built in ever increasing numbers in our city as the population and density has increased. We handle them with a standard Commercial Fire assignment of four engines and two trucks. As they are all fully sprinklered, they have not proven to be a major fire problem for us. Mostly just smoke and water removal. They have proven to be a reasonably safe way to achieve the housing densities our community requires. Far safer from a life safety standpoint than the two- to four-story center hallway type apartments many of these buildings replaced.
Bill Gustin
轻型木平行和弦桁架的楼层是“21世纪的气球架构;只是放在它的一边。这些建筑物的乘客通常受到NFPA 13-R住宅喷水灭火系统的保护。注意我没有说建筑物受洒水器保护，因为它不是。
A fundamental flaw in 13-R systems is that there are no sprinklers in combustible void spaces, most notably the attic and interstitial spaces between ceilings and floors. A fire that originates or extends to a void space can take possession of the building with a 13- R system. Fire burning in a floor truss void space will quickly become ventilation limited until we start pulling ceilings which has the effect of opening a damper on a wood burning stove.
为什么我们不在地板上保持火灾，通过不打开天花板来乏燃润乏力;而是使用刺耳的喷嘴？在寻找和尝试领先于运行地板的火灾时，用刺耳的喷嘴穿透天花板并流动它。如果没有蒸汽转换，没有伤害，没有犯规，只是继续前进到另一个地方并再次尝试。在一些司法管辖区内，在地板中需要停止的草案，空缺分离单位和公共走廊或每2500平方英尺。如果您在楼层中没有发现火，则可能会在删除草案的错误方面。
Note: Responses are solely the opinion and views of the individual and have only been edited for grammatical reasons.
Do you want to be part of the next Roundtable?
联系Bill Carey在william.carey@clarionevents.com
