Mark van der Feyst的照片和文章
One day in February a few years ago, we responded to a call for a vehicle accident. Dispatch had updated information given en route telling us that the vehicle had collided with a train at a land railway crossing. On arrival, it was a confirmed single vehicle involved with a train. The vehicle had been dragged down the rail line about 40 feet, resting on the rail line embankment with a portion of the vehicle under the rail car.
车内的是驾驶员座椅上的一个孤独的乘员，他遭受了视觉面部和头部创伤。最初的报道表明，驾驶员被脚和腿钉在破折号下被困。经过对车辆的初步调查，发现驾驶员的腿没有被固定，并且能够自由地从车辆上移出。消防员从设备上拉下了一条霍斯线，并将其指控为响应的机组人员提供防水。任何车辆事故都将使所涉及的车辆泄漏，这可能导致火花或其他点火源造成的火灾。这次车辆事故将大量汽油，柴油和其他汽车液留在了人员工作的地面。还从设备中卸下了解放设备，并将其放置在车辆附近的舞台上。
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Helicopter Safety for EMS Personnel
HELICOPTER OPERATIONS FOR HIGH-RISE EMERGENCIES
HELICOPTER OPERATIONS IN SWIFTWATER RESCUES
FIRE DEPARTMENT RESPONSE TO HELICOPTER EMERGENCIES
EMS到达后，护理人员与现场主管一起进行了评估，以确定患者受伤的程度和性质。看到车辆以高速速度与火车相撞，怀疑是严重的内部伤害。这促使EMS要求空中救护车回应现场（照片1）。
（1）
无论您的位置或您工作的消防部门的类型或大小，都有很大的可能性，您有可能应对空气救护车对您的现场和土地做出反应。发生这种情况时，需要记住和实施一些重要的安全因素，以确保现场的所有人安全。空中救护车服务定期训练消防部门，以确保人员熟悉着陆和围绕空中救护车工作的协议。与他们联系以作为年度培训计划的一部分建立培训时间可能是个好主意。
当救护车到达现场附近的空气,y will conduct a scene survey of their own. This will involve a low circular flight pattern over the incident scene. This is done to determine if the landing zone is the appropriate size, if there are no immediate hazards in the vicinity (such as electrical wires), and to let everybody on scene know that they are coming down soon. A recommended appropriate landing zone size is 150 x 150 feet. This size of landing zone allows for a large helicopter to land safely. The ground needs to be solid, such as an asphalt pavement or concrete roadway, so that the helicopter will not sink into it when it lands. If the pilot determines that the landing zone is not adequate, they will choose one of their liking.
The pilot will be in constant communication with a landing zone officer prior to landing. This person can be any firefighter, police officer, or EMS member. If chosen for this task, be sure to communicate clearly and effectively with the pilot. You will need to identify yourself as the landing zone officer to the pilot so that they know who they are speaking with. Give precise directions of the landing zone and observations to the pilot as they are landing so that they know exactly what they are dealing with on the ground. Observations can include landmarks around the landing area, overhead hazards, and wind direction.
在直升机着陆之前，所有松散的碎屑都需要被捡起并固定，否则它会变成弹丸。这包括一条无需指控的霍斯线，位于地面上的火器设备的设备以及任何小物体。当将碎屑吸入发动机摄入量时，任何弹丸都可以轻松地在现场响应人员或机械损坏直升机的机械损坏。
When the helicopter is landing, there will be a production of downwash from the rotors. The downwash produced can be as fast as 100 mph, blowing anything in its path. Protect members’ eyes either by wearing safety glasses or turning away until the helicopter has landed. The same is true when it comes time for the helicopter to take off. When the helicopter was landing at our accident scene, snow was blown around, producing a whiteout condition. All personnel had to turn away momentarily to prevent flying snow particles from entering their eyes.
实施的另一个安全因素是与直升机的安全距离。直升机降落后，建议所有人员的安全距离为200英尺，车辆150英尺。需要维护此安全距离，直到您被指示由飞行员或机组人员接近直升机为止。如果您需要接近直升机，请始终与飞行员保持直接视线，并确保他或她看到您。
(2)
如果您正在协助EMS将患者转移到直升机上，则机组人员将护送您到直升机上。在照片2中，您可以在白色飞行头盔中看到机组人员。他们将确保安全接近，护送您到直升机上，然后在离开直升机时将您从直升机离开。
(3)
In photo 3, you can see two EMS personnel departing from the vicinity of the helicopter. Notice how they are positioned. They are hunched down while walking under the canopy of the rotating blades. The blades of the helicopter are the most dangerous part for any personnel approaching. As they spin, they look invisible but are very real and present. Walking upright will only expose your head to the blades, which could produce some bad results.
Once on the ground, the helicopter will sometimes keep the engine running and the blades spinning at idle speed so that a quick departure can be accomplished. When this is the case, you will need to protect your head, literally, by staying low when approaching the helicopter.
始终直接从侧面而不是沿着尾部的部分接近直升机。后部和前部区域是较危险的区域，因为如果您在后方并且刀片在前面向前倾斜，那么飞行员看不到您，几乎没有空间。后部还有一个旋转的尾转子。
更多的information about helicopter safety can be obtained from your local air ambulance provider. They will sometimes even offer practical training to personnel so that they become comfortable and confident with working around a helicopter.
马克·范·德·费斯特自1999年以来一直在消防部门，是加拿大安大略省的一名全职消防员。他是加拿大，美国和印度以及FDIC的国际教练。范德·费斯特（Van der Feyst）是宾夕法尼亚州立消防学院的地方镇压教练。188博金宝体育1他还是Residential Fire Rescue(Fire Engineering Books & Video).
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