在前一篇文章we began to look at the topic of flat roof ventilation and explored some different points on the subject. This month we are going to build upon that information and look at two different ways firefighters can ventilate a flat roof: the coffin cut and the square cut.
消防员可以使用的两种类型的切割可以用旋转锯或通风锯制成，这取决于屋顶材料。这将在进入屋顶之前需要一些预先扫描。旋转锯可能是选择作为涉及某种类型的金属的最平顶屋顶的最佳选择。确保锯准备好燃料，并始终带上一套手动工具，以帮助削减，去除材料，听起来屋顶甲板，以及最坏的情况，为您完成切割。一个理想的手工工具，带来的手动工具是扁平斧头或尖头斧和六英尺的屋顶钩或梭杆。
RELATED FIREFIGHTER TRAINING
Training Minutes Revisited: Truck Company Operations: Coffin Cut
棺材切割
棺材切割是一种通风屋顶的方式。由于如何基于切割序列，这种切割也被称为7-9-8的切割，也是由于通气开口的切割方式。正如您在照片中看到的那样，使这种切割有四个连续步骤，它们类似于数字7,9和8。
第一次切割是“7”的模式。消防员将在“7”的顶部和大约六到八英尺的“7”的顶部，沿着“7.”的脊柱的顶部大约四英尺的形状。这使得棺材切割成待分成两个4×4开口，允许一个大的垂直通风出口点。两半还允许机组成员只处理屋顶的一小部分，4×4英尺的部分，而不是一个大截面。
The second set of cuts transform the “7” into a “9” shape by coming down the tip of the top part of the “7” about four feet and then across to the spine of the “7.” When making these cuts, make sure to overlap the corners by about six feet. This allows the section of roof that is being cut to be free of any obstruction or attachment to the roof. When the corners are not overlapped, there will be more work involved to free the cut section. We need to make sure students understand that we are not making a Swiss watch with nice mitered corners – overlap them to ensure the cut is complete.
The third set of cuts is where the “9” becomes the number “8.” Two more cuts are made vertically down and across to make the number “8.” Once completed, the fourth set of cuts can then take place. This is where a diagonal cut is made in the corner of the “8.” This diagonal cut can be made either at the end of the series or at the beginning with the number “7” or at both points. By cutting the pattern in a diagonal way, it creates a small triangular hole that allows for a roof hook or a pike pole to be inserted. It will aid with the pulling up of the material as a starting point.
将屋顶材料固定在屋顶上时，将需要一些努力。一旦被移除，不要让它落在建筑物内 - 将其放在开放旁边。
Square Cut
The square cut is another way to ventilate a flat roof. The square cut is a shortened version of the coffin cut wherein there are only five cuts made in total. The size of the opening can vary from a traditional 4×4 square to any size. The advantage of the square cut over the coffin cut is that the firefighter making the cut is traveling in one direction all the way around. The coffin cut requires a change in direction, thus providing an opportunity for tripping, unsafe footing placement, or even falling into the hole.
如图2所示,消防员将喝醉的r separate cuts, all overlapping each other by at least six feet, and then finish the square with a diagonal cut. The opening can be expanded if need be by extending the square further on as required.
总会有两个消防员制作任何类型的屋顶切割。将切割的消防员必须了解与旋转或通风锯相关的脚和身体放置。两者不应该互相交叉 - 如果他们这样做，它会伤害！请注意您可能削减自己或其他会员的所有四肢。切割消防队员必须专注于使切割，因此需要一组眼睛指导和观察条件，周围地区和存在的任何其他危险。
在photo 3, you can see how the one firefighter working the rotary saw is being guided by the second firefighter. This will be a tandem operation with the second firefighter usually behind the first firefighter. The guide firefighter can get the attention of the cutting firefighter by tapping on his or her shoulder with their hand. Notice that the hand of the guide firefighter is placed on the back/shoulder of the cutting firefighter. This is also another way to maintain accountability between the two.
Mark Van der FeysT.自1999年以来一直在消防服务，是加拿大安大略省的全日制消防员。他是加拿大，美国和印度和FDIC的国际教练教学。范德菲斯特是宾夕法尼亚州消防学院的当地级别抑制教练。188博金宝体育1他也是领先作者住宅火灾救援(Fire Engineering Books & Video).
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