Mark J. Cotter's Blog（82）

As much is I appreciate the lifesaving contributions of fire dynamics researchers to the firefighting craft, I am continuously frustrated by the slow pace of the experimental process. Given that a limited number of projects, in particular the UL Ventilation and NIST/UL Governors Island tests (…

Firefighters have been provided with new extinguishment strategies that offer better speed, effectiveness, and safety. A triple win! Continuing on the theme introduced with my last post (https://community.fireengineering.com/profiles/blog/show?id=1219672%3ABlogPost%3A691624）关于火力动力学研究推荐的新火灾攻击向量，首先解决阁楼大火，现在我们将…

Much of the energy expended in promoting, discussing, and opposing Modern Fire Attack (MFA) methods regards the use of exterior streams for controlling fires in structures, an understandable focus given the rather revolutionary, and therefore controversial, nature of the research findings.(In a nutshell, applying water from the outside was found to be a whole lot more useful, and a whole lot less harmful, than we had believed.)…

With the debate regarding the benefits of exterior streams and ventilation control having been settled in favor of at least adopting theoption为了更快，更安全，更有效的方法来控制结构中的火灾，许多消防服务领导者和讲师都在问：“我们的部门如何实施这些宝贵的做法？”幸运的是，进行这些更改的最重大努力已经被…花费了。

优秀的消防员很容易发现：他们通常正在做一些可以增强其技能和知识的事情。尽管个人能力会因服务，经验和培训水平等变量而有所不同，但最好的消防员的一致特征是，他们不懈地研究贸易，实践技能和批评回应，以便更好地帮助公民，以帮助他们他们宣誓就职。这种质量在他们的重点，态度和…中很明显。

A frequent criticism of Modern Fire Attack (MFA) methods, often phrased as a warning against their adoption, is that the actual number of experimental fires upon which they are based totals only a few hundred, while Traditional (TFA?) tactics have been "proven" effective many thousands of times.准确地说，我仅计算了国家标准技术研究所（NIST）和承销商实验室（UL）进行的106起测试火灾…

我们所服务的公民的责任经常举行up as our most basic and sacred responsibility as firefighters, and I couldn't agree more. It motivates us to perfect our skills for the benefit of others, face dangers known and unknown, and even to leave a warm bed to assist a stranger. In short, it inspires selflessness. Still, though that obligation is powerful, it is unfocused; it serves as a compass, not a map. My point in making this distinction is to counter the frequent citation of…

The practice of estimating the likelihood of finding living persons inside a burning building, and basing a large part of our risk determination on this calculation - more specifically, the decision whether to enter the building to perform a search - has spawned fervent discussions in the fire service, to say the least.One side cites the lack of justification for risking firefighters’ lives if it is unlikely there is anyone alive to rescue,…

I'm going to end 2018/start 2019 with a positive assessment of the past year's progress spreading the new fire dynamics knowledge and integrating it into our tactics. To be sure, this may be an overly optimistic view, as sometimes there seems to be more than enough distance between the two sides to take an entire fire service career before they meet somewhere near the center. Still, I have been seeing and hearing more and more evidence of the spread of our evolving understanding of…

When engaged in an activity where seconds count, lives hang in the balance, and there is little margin for error, choosing the correct initial action is critical.As firefighters, we must "get it right" the first time, and there are no “do overs”.为了最成功地保护生命和财产，我们选择的方法及其执行必须完美无瑕。…

Everybody knows you need water to control fire. (And, by “everybody”, I mean firefighters, scientists, politicians, civilians, immigrants, elementary school children, your spouse and kids. Everybody.) That’s why fire apparatus are primarily designed around the need to quickly transport water to the location of a fire, engineered as they are with the capacity to carry a booster tank, hose, pump, appliances, and the personnel needed to put it all to work. It didn’t take a series of high-tech…

Fear is a lousy motivator for persons who have joined an organization that routinely confronts danger, especially when, for some, that danger was itself a motivator to join. Now, I am not suggesting that firefighters care less about themselves than your average citizen; just that they generally put the wellbeing of others ahead of themselves. This helps them face hazards that, without such a focus, would cause your average human to turn - if not run - away. Of course, we are also trained and…

Contrary to the action-oriented, fix-it, can-do attitude of firefighters that make us so effective in most fire suppression and rescue situations, sometimes the best thing we can do to protect the lives and property of those we are sworn to serve is let some things alone. What makes this “hands-off” approach even more difficult is that the tactic I am here addressing - Ventilation - is one that we had been taught and believed was not only helpful and necessary, but a priority for…

Concluding my series of commentaries on the findings of the “Impact of Fire Attack Utilizing Interior and Exterior Streams on Firefighter Safety and Occupant Survival” collection of UL experiments, this installment will cover the 18 "Tactical Recommendations" from the "Full Scale Experiments" (https://ulfirefightersafety.org/docs/DHS2013_Part_III_Full_Scale.pdf）。受这项研究的发现的启发，但是…

自UL和NIST首次开始从他们的火力动力学研究中释放发现的发现以来，我们将研究消防部门一直引起的实验类型的结果，这是我们将在本系列中提出的重点。（公平地说，只有一些members of the fire service wanted these additional studies, in large part to address the concerns of其他members who didn’t think the previous tests…

继续对UL对消防袭击的影响进行的评论，利用内部和外部流对消防员安全和乘员生存的影响，此前曾审查过水图的结果（https://ulfirefightersafety.org/docs/dhs2013_part_i_water_mapping.pdf), this installment will cover Air Entrainment (…

喷嘴是消防部门的标志性和必不可少的工具，例如士兵的步枪，锤子到木匠的锤子或厨师的刀。尽管我们还有许多其他工具和甚至不涉及水的重要角色，但在火场上，大多数人支持或取决于使用该设备。强行进入可以清除其方式，通风清除了结果。生命和财产的保护依赖于其专家使用，打捞保护建筑物和内容免受…

The following video clip was sent to me by a reader who was responding to my last post regarding vertical ventilation:

https://youtu.be/ik-zppwjij4

In it, you will see two firefighters vigorously cutting a roof as fire burns below. The provider of this link pointed out the immediate improvement in interior conditions as evidenced by the lift in the smoke layer that occurred as the fire vented. Taking a contrary position, I would point out…

I generated a bit of discussion a few years ago when I posted a blog expressing my viewpoint that vertical ventilation, except in the presence of pre-made openings (rooftop scuttles or bulkhead doors) was a tactic that had little utility on the modern fireground (http://community.fireengineering.com/profiles/blog/show?id=1219672%3ABlogPost%3A620250）。这是基于我们当时的新知识…

我开始本系列的灵感调查了增加消防人员的危险容忍度的可行性，包括建议外部流的现代消防攻击（MFA）技术是怯ward的证据，以及最近关于消防员“不做工作”的咆哮，在至少由发布咆哮的人定义，这通常涉及其他消防员对执行内部操作的犹豫。对我来说，我们所有人都需要的想法……