消防员健康：沉默不是幸福

由托德·莱克（Todd Leduc）

The National Cancer Institute estimates that the lifetime risk of a member of the United States general population being diagnosed with cancer at some point during their lifetime is approximately 39.3 percent. The largest U.S. study that has examined occupational cancer impacts to U.S. firefighters was conducted by the National Institute of Occupational Health & Safety (NIOSH). That study concluded that firefighters had a nine-percent elevation of occupational cancer risk and 14-percent increase in overall mortality than members of the general population.

也许最恐怖的消防癌症是它可以随着增长而在体内保持沉默。在克里斯蒂娜·春（Christina Chun）报道的工作中，MPH报道说，有些癌症可以形成并成长10年或更长时间，从而使诊断和治疗具有挑战性。此外，许多癌症在早期阶段是无症状的，这就是为什么常规筛查如此重要的原因。

通常,第一成为癌症的症状和体征obvious when the cancerous tumor or mass has grown large enough that it begins pushing against nearby organs and tissue, blood vessels, and nerves. Some cancers are fast moving, such as liver and pancreatic cancers; prostrate cancer, on the other hand, is typically slow moving. In many cases, when signs and symptoms are appreciable the cancer may have already spread beyond the primary site of origin, providing a late start to treatment and offering less optimal outcomes. We know that survival rates are the highest for cancers that are identified as either “pre-cancerous” or still encapsulated in their primary site/organ of origin.

在早期发现可预防的职业健康风险方面，将自己的健康视为自己的健康，这是消防部门的每个成员的职责。这包括确保除了降低健康风险的预防措施外，还包括年度适当的消防员体检。来自国际消防局长协会的调查数据在2016年发表，占职业消防员的80％，有60％的志愿者接受了某种年度体检。不幸的是，这些数字在询问他们是否收到一个NFPA 1582occupational firefighter exam and certainly not an enhanced occupational exam with early detection imaging and other advanced testing. Oftentimes, health care providers are not familiar with the unique occupational health risks that firefighters and first responders face. Many providers default to the U.S. Preventative Health Task Force recommendations that are aimed at general population and not firefighters. The International Association of Fire Chiefs attempted to address this with their Health Care Providers Guide to Firefighter Physicals. The First Responder Center of Excellence also has established a clearing house of resourceshttps://www.firstrespondercenter.org/physicals/。

We also know that, unfortunately, sudden cardiac death continues to plague the fire service. Recently, the IAFC launched an awareness campaign of “如果您不舒服，请不要告别。” This cardiac risk is from a host of contributing factors such as dehydration, vascular stiffness, underlying modifiable risk factors, enlarged left ventricle, and high blood pressure, to name a few. The importance of early and annual screening to identify and address modifiable risk factors cannot be understated as a vital component to address the scourge of firefighter cardiac death to the extent possible.

We must continue to focus on prevention with exposure reduction strategies, exposure decontamination practices, health living, and commitment to occupationally specific annual medical exams if we are to be successfully in addressing elevated cancer risks for firefighters.

这个168博金宝 反映作者的意见，不一定反映188金宝搏是正规吗。It has not undergone188金宝搏是正规吗的同行评审过程。